Search results for " Risks"
showing 10 items of 160 documents
River processes and Links between fluvial and coastal systems in a changing climate
2018
It is well known that a changing climate leads to changes in the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration, and timing of extreme weather and climate events. Models indicate substantial warming in temperature extremes by the end of the 21st century (IPCC, 2012). The global warming determines several environmental problems altering the hydrologic cycle, with changes to the amount, timing, and intensity of precipitation (see as an example Rahimpour Golroudbary et al., 2016), and impacting on the soil erosion rate and on the quality of aquatic and marine environments (see as an example Robins et al., 2016). The present Special Issue collects main contributions arising from the aforementio…
A competing risks tale on successful and unsuccessful fiscal consolidations
2019
Abstract This paper analyses the transitions out of fiscal consolidations using annual data for 17 industrial countries over the period 1975-2013 and applying a discrete-time competing risks duration model. Our approach allows us to distinguish the factors behind a successful or an unsuccessful end of fiscal consolidation episodes. The results show that economic and political factors, the size and typology of fiscal adjustments and the occurrence of crises explain the differences in the length and the success/failure of fiscal consolidations. Moreover, while fiscal adjustment programmes that end successfully display positive duration dependence, those that end in an unsuccessful manner are …
Cytochrome P450 2E1 variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms and health risks: A genotype-phenotype study in cancers associated with drinking and/…
2012
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is one of the main enzymes involved in the oxidation of ethanol and in the transformation of a number of potentially dangerous compounds. It has various polymorphic sites, one of which is a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism previously described in the 5'-flanking region. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotype-phenotype association between CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphisms and risky health habits in healthy subjects and to analyze the associations between these polymorphisms with drinking- and/or smoking-related cancers. We analyzed 166 healthy subjects by genotyping for the CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphism associated with drinking and/or smoking h…
Knowledge, risk perception and behaviours in swimming pool users of Palermo city, Sicily
2012
Abstract To assess knowledge, risk perception and behaviours of a sample of swimming pool users in Palermo. A total of 498 subjects were interviewed by self-administered anonymous questionnaire including socio-demographic questions, knowledge/risk perception and behaviours. Overall, 289 subjects (58%) had a mean of 1.9±1.2 healthy behaviours. Age older than 30 years (OR=0.46; 95% CI=0.26–0.81), female sex (OR=0.52; 95% CI=0.35–0.76) and a high knowledge score (OR=0.15; 95% CI=0.03–0.69) were significantly associated with having healthy behaviours in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Unhealthy behaviours can be frequently found in swimming pool bathers and, particularly, in some tar…
Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Psychosocial Risks on Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Nurses’ Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
2020
Nurses are exposed to psychosocial risks that can affect both psychological and physical health through stress. Prolonged stress at work can lead to burnout syndrome. An essential protective factor against psychosocial risks is emotional intelligence, which has been related to physical and psychological health, job satisfaction, increased job commitment, and burnout reduction. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of psychosocial risks and emotional intelligence on nurses&rsquo
Increased Risk of Rehospitalization for Acute Diabetes Complications and Suicide Attempts in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Comorbid Schizophrenia
2018
OBJECTIVE The aim of this large retrospective cohort study was to estimate the supplementary morbidity and mortality risks conferred by the co-occurrence of schizophrenia among young people with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This nationwide population-based study included individuals aged 15–35 years hospitalized in France for type 1 diabetes from 2009 to 2012 with or without schizophrenia. For assessment of the occurrence of rehospitalization for acute diabetes complications, suicide attempts, and hospital mortality, multivariate logistic regressions and survival analysis adjusted for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index scores were performed. The association between ho…
Impact of Italian Score for Organ Allocation System on Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation: A Monocentric Competing Risk Time-to-Event Analysis
2019
Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is the only definitive and curative treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the Italian score for organ allocation (ISO) in terms of the waiting-list mortality, probability of LT, and patient survival after LT. Patient and methods: All of the adult patients on the waiting list for LT at our institute from January 2014 to December 2017 were included in the study. The probabilities of death while on the waiting list, dropout from the list, and LT were compared by means of cumulative incidence functions, in a competing risk time-to-event analysis setting. Uni- and multivariable l…
Psychosocial Risks, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction of Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic
2020
Context:COVID-19 pandemic is a serious health emergency that has affected countries all over the world. Health emergencies are a critical psychosocial risk factor for nurses. In general, psychosocial risks constitute serious problems as they impact workers' health, productivity, and efficiency. Despite their importance, few studies analyze nurses' psychosocial risks during a health emergency caused by a pandemic or analyze their perception of the emergency and its relation to such risks.Objectives:To analyze the perception of COVID-19 by nurses, especially about measures, resources, and impact on their daily work. Also, to analyze these professionals' psychosocial risks and the relationship…
Kardiovaskulārā riska izvērtējums ar FFR-CT metodi pacientiem ar perifēro artēriju oklizīvu slimību perioperatīvajā periodā
2018
Ievads. Perifēro artēriju okluzīva slimība (PAOS) ir aterosklerotiska saslimšana, kas raksturojas ar vienas vai vairāku perifēro artēriju stenozi vai oklūziju. Kopīgie riska faktori PAOS un koronāro artēriju slimībai (KAS) rezultējas ar to, ka pacientiem ar PAOS ir lielāka KAS incidence, kā arī risks jauniem koronāriem notikumiem. PAOS pacientu mirstība koronāro notikumu dēļ ir 6,6 reizes lielāka nekā pacientiem bez šīs slimības (Duran et al., 2010). Frakcionētās plūsmas rezerves aprēķināšana izmantojot datortomogrāfijas angiogrāfiju (FFRCT) ir metode, kas ļauj neinvazīvi izmeklēt vainagartērijas un diagnosticēt hemodinamiski nozīmīgas stenozes. Metodes un materiāli. PSKUS prospektīvā pētīj…
Bioaccumulation of hepatotoxins : A considerable risk in the Latvian environment
2014
Abstract The Gulf of Riga, river Daugava and several interconnected lakes around the City of Riga, Latvia, form a dynamic brackish-freshwater system favouring occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria. We examined bioaccumulation of microcystins and nodularin-R in aquatic organisms in Latvian lakes, the Gulf of Riga and west coast of open Baltic Sea in 2002–2007. The freshwater unionids accumulated toxins efficiently, followed by snails. In contrast, Dreissena polymorpha and most lake fishes (except roach) accumulated much less hepatotoxins. Significant nodularin-R concentrations were detected also in marine clams and flounders. No transfer of nodularin-R and microcystins between lake and brackish …